Organic Optoelectronics Laboratory
Department of Physics
 

Publications

Articles

1. A. Kokil, I. Shiyanovskaya, K.D. Singer, C. Weder, “Charge carrier transport in poly (2,5-dialkoxy-p-phenylene ethynylene)s,” Synth. Met. 138, 513-517 (2003).

2. K.D. Singer, R.G. Petschek, V. Ostroverkhov, R.J. Twieg, and L. Sukhomlinova, “Non-Polar Second-Order Nonlinear and Electro-Optic Materials: Axially Ordere d Chiral Polymers and Liquid Crystals,” J. Polym. Sci.: Polym. Phys . 41, 2744-2754 (2003).

3. I. Shiyanovskaya, K.D. Singer, V. Percec, T.K. Bera, Y. Miura, and M. Glodde, “Charge transport in hexagonal columnar liquid crystals self-organized from supramolecular cylinders based on acene-functionalized dendrons,” Phys. Rev. B 67, 035204 (2003).

4. V. Percec, M. Glodde,T. K. Bera, Y. Miura, I. Shiyanovskaya, K. D. Singer, V. S. K. Balagurusamy, P. A. Heiney, I. Schnell, A. Rapp, H.-W. Spiess, S. D. Hudson, and H. Duan, “Self-organization of supramolecular helical dendrimers into complex electronic materials,” Nature, 419, 384-387 (2002).

5. Akshay Kokil, Irina Shiyanovskaya, Kenneth D. Singer and Christoph Weder, “High Charge Carrier Mobility In? Conjugated Organometallic Polymer Networks”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124, 9978-9979 (2002).

6. Oksana Ostroverkhova and Kenneth D. Singer, “Space-charge dynamics in photorefractive polymers,” J. Appl. Phys. 92, 1727-1743 (2002).

7. V. Ostroverkhov, O. Ostroverkhova, R.G. Petschek, K. D. Singer, L. Sukhomlinova and R.J. Twieg, “Prospects for Chiral Nonlinear Optical Media,” IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 7, 781-792 (2001).

8. Oskana Ostroverkhova, Andrew Stickrath, and Kenneth D. Singer, “EFISHG studies of chromophore dynamics in photorefractive polymers,” J. Appl. Phys. 91, 9481-9486 (2002).

9. I. Shiyanovskaya, K.D. Singer, R.J. Twieg, L. Sukhomlinova, and V. Gettwert, “Electronic Transport in Smectic Liquid Crystals,”, Phys. Rev. E. 65, 041715-1-13 (2002).

10. Valeriy Boichuk, Sergey Kucheev, Janusz Parka, Victor Reshetnyak, Yuriy Reznikov, Irina Shiyanovskaya, Kenneth D. Singer, and Sergey Slussarenko, “Surface-Mediated Light-Controlled Friedericksz Transition in a Nematic Liquid Crystal Cell,” J. Appl. Phys. 90, 1858-1862 (2001).

11. Oksana Ostroverkhova and Kenneth D. Singer, “Space-charge dynamics in photorefractive polymers,” submitted J. Appl. Phys.

12. V. Ostroverkhov, R.G. Petschek, K.D. Singer and R.J. Twieg, “Lambda-Shaped Chromophores for Chiral Nonlinear Optical Materials,” Chem. Phys. Lett. 340, 109-115 (2001).

13. Victor Ostroverkhov, Kenneth D. Singer, and Rolfe G. Petschek, “Second-order nonlinear optical processes in non-polar chiral materials: relationship between molecular and macroscopic properties,” J. Opt. Soc. Am B. 18, 1858-1865 (2001).

14. J. Zhang, V. Ostroverkhov, K.D. Singer, V. Reshetnyak, and Yu. Reznikov, “Electrically Controlled Surface Diffraction Gratings in Nematic Liquid Crystals”, Opt. Lett. 25, 414 (2000).

15. V. Ostroverkhov, O. Ostroverkhova, R.G. Petschek, K.D. Singer, L. Sukhomlinova, R.J. Twieg, S.-X. Wang, and L.C. Chien, “Optimization of the Molecular Hyperpolarizability for Second Harmonic Generation in Chiral Media” Chem. Phys. 257, 263 (2000).

16. V. Ostroverkhov, R.G. Petschek, K.D. Singer, L. Sukhomlinova, R.J. Twieg, S.-X. Wang, and L.C. Chien, “Measurements of the Hyperpolarizability Tensor Using Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17, 1531 (2000).

17. T. Dai, K.D. Singer, R.J. Twieg, and T.C. Kowalczyk, "Anomalous Dispersion Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation in Polymer Waveguides: Chromophores for Increased Efficiency and UV Stability", J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17, 412 (2000).

18. Y. Reznikov, O. Ostroverkhova, K.D. Singer, J.-H. Kim, S. Kumar, O. Lavrentovich, B. Wang, and J.L. West, "Photoalignment of Liquid Crystals by Liquid Crystals", Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1930 (2000).

19. E. Ibragimov, A.A. Struthers, D.J. Kaup, J.D. Khaydarov, and K.D. Singer, "Three-wave Interaction Solitons in Optical Parametric Amplification", Phys. Rev. E 59, 6122 (1999).

20. F. Ghebremichael, M.G. Kuzyk, K.D. Singer, and J.H. Andrews, “Relationship Between the Second-Order Microscopic and Macroscopic Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities of Poled Dye-Doped Polymers”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15, 2294 (1998).

21. J. Zhang and K.D. Singer, “Homogeneous Photorefractive Polymer/Nematogen Composite”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 72, 2948 (1998).

22. S.F. Hubbard, R.G. Petschek, K.D. Singer, N. D'Sidocky, C. Hudson, L.C. Chien, and P.A. Cahill, “Measurements of Kleinman-disallowed Hyperpolarizability in Conjugated Chiral Molecules”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15, 289 (1998).

23. R.D. Dureiko, D.E. Schuele, and K.D. Singer, “Modeling Relaxation Processes in Poled Electro-Optic Polymer Films”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15, 338 (1998).

24. D.M. Nguyen, T.M. Mayer, S.F. Hubbard, K.D. Singer, J.A. Mann, Jr., J.B. Lando, “Polar Polymeric Langmuir-Blodgett Films for Optical Applications”, Macromol. 30, 6150 (1997).

25. J. Sturm, S. Tasch, A. Niko, G. Leising, E. Toussaere, J. Zyss, T.C. Kowalczyk, K.D. Singer, U. Scherf, J. Huber, “Optical anisotropy in thin films of a blue electroluminescent conjugated polymer”, Thin Solid Films 298, 138 (1997).

26. S.F. Hubbard, R.G. Petschek, and K.D. Singer “Spectral content and dispersion of hyper-Rayleigh scattering”, Opt. Lett. 111, 1774 (1996).

27. P. Palffy-Muhoray and K.D. Singer, “Displays Based on Organic Thin Films”, Optics and Photonics News 6, 17 (1995).

28. A.J. Beuhler, D.A. Wargowski, K.D. Singer, and T. Kowalczyk, “Fabrication of Low Loss Polyimide Optical Waveguides Using Thin-Film Multichip Module Process Technology”, IEEE Trans. Comp., Pack., and Manuf. Tech. B 18, 232 (1995).

29. J.H. Andrews, J.D.V. Khaydarov, K.D. Singer, D.L. Hull, K.C. Chuang, “Characterization of Excited States of Centrosymmetric and Noncentrosymmetric Squaraines by Third Harmonic Spectral Dispersion”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 12, 2360 (1995).

30. T.C. Kowalczyk, K.D. Singer, and P.A. Cahill, “Anomalous Dispersion Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation in a Polymer Waveguide”, Opt. Lett. 20, 2273 (1995).

31. T.C. Kowalczyk, T.Z. Kosc, K.D. Singer, A.J. Beuhler, D.A. Wargowski, P.A.Cahill, C.H. Seager, and M.B. Meinhardt, “Crosslinked Polyimide Electro-optic Materials”, J. Appl. Phys. 78, 5876 (1995).

32. J.D.V. Khaydarov, J.H. Andrews, and K.D. Singer, “Pulse Compression Mechanism in a Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 12, 2199 (1995).

33. Fuming Li, Kye-Hyun Kim, Joe J. Kulig, Edward P. Savitski, William J. Brittain, Frank W. Harris, Stephen Z.D. Cheng, Steven Hubbard, and Kenneth D. Singer, “A High Temperature Aromatic Polyimide Film Having Nonlinear Optical Second Harmonic Generation Based on the Approach of the Poled Guest-Host System”, J. Mat. Chem. 5, 253 (1995).

34. J.H. Andrews, J.D.V. Khaydarov, K.D. Singer, D.L. Hull, and K.C. Chuang, “Spectral Dispersion of Third Harmonic Generation in Squaraines”, Nonlinear Optics 10, 227 (1995).

35. K.D. Singer and J.H. Andrews, “Contribution of Two-Photon States to Third Order Optical Nonlinearities”, Condensed Matter News 3, 7 (1994).

36. J.D.V. Khaydarov, J.H. Andrews, and K.D. Singer, “20-Fold Pulse Compression in a Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 1614 (1994).

37. T.C. Kowalczyk, T.Z. Kosc, K.D. Singer, P.A. Cahill, C.H. Seager, M.G. Meinhardt, A.J. Buehler and D.A. Wargowski, “Loss Mechanisms in Polyimide Waveguides”, J. Appl. Phys. 76, 2505 (1994).

38. S.F. Hubbard, K.D. Singer, F. Li, S.Z.D. Cheng, and F.W. Harris, “Nonlinear Optical Studies of a Fluorinated Poled Polyimide Guest-Host System”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 265 (1994).

39. J.H. Andrews, J.D.V. Khaydarov, and K.D. Singer, “Contribution of the 21Ag State to the Third Order Optical Nonlinearity in a Squaraine Dye”, Opt. Lett. 19, 984 (1994).

40. J.D.V. Khaydarov, J.H. Andrews, and K.D. Singer, “Pulse compression in a Synchronously Pumped Optical Parametric Oscillator Due To Group Velocity Mismatch”, Opt. Lett. 19, 831 (1994).

41. S. Ou, L. Zhou, K.D. Singer, V. Percec, J. Lando and J.A. Mann, “Polar Polymeric Langmuir-Blodgett Films Containing Nitrobiphenyl Groups”, Macromolecules 26, 7263 (1993).

42. C.C. Henderson, P.A. Cahill, T.C. Kowalczyk, and K.D. Singer, “Thermal, Optical, and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Tetrafluorinate Donor-Acceptor Benzenes”, Chem. of Mater. 5, 1059 (1993).

43. J.H. Andrews and K.D. Singer, “Photoinduced Diffraction in Polymer Waveguides”, Appl. Opt. 32, 6703 (1993).

44. S.H. Ou, J.A. Mann, J.B. Lando, L. Zhou, and K.D. Singer, “Nonlinear Optical Studies of Polar Polymeric Langmuir-Schaefer Films”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 61, 2284 (1992).

45. J.H. Andrews, K.L. Kowalski, and K.D. Singer “Pair Correlations, Cascading, and Local-field Effects in Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities”, Phys. Rev. A 46, 4172 (1992).

46. J.H. Andrews, K.L. Kowalski, and K.D. Singer, “Molecular Orientation, Pair Correlations and Cascading in Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities”, Molec. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 223, 143 (1992).

47. K.D. Singer, T. Kowalczyk, P.A. Cahill, and L.A. King “Frequency Conversion and Relaxation Phenomena in Poled Polymer Films”, Molec. Cryst. Liq. Cryst./Nonlinear Optics 3, 3 (1992).

48. K.D. Singer and L.A. King, “Relaxation Phenomena in Polymer Nonlinear Optical Materials”, J. Appl. Phys. 70, 3251 (1991).

49. P.A. Cahill, K.D. Singer, and L.A. King, “Anomalous-Dispersion Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation”, Opt. Lett. 14, 1137 (1989).

50. J.D. LeGrange, L.A. King, and K.D. Singer, “The Structural Stability of a Nonlinear Optical Material Fabricated by Langmuir-Blodgett Deposition”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 6, 1946 (1989).

51. K.D. Singer, H.E. Katz, J.E. Sohn, C.W. Dirk, L.A. King, and H.M. Gordon, “Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules in the Near-Infrared”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 6, 1339 (1989).

52. M.G. Kuzyk, K.D. Singer, H.E. Zahn, and L.A. King, “Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Tensor Properties of Poled Films Under Stress”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 6, 742 (1989).

53. K.D. Singer, M.G. Kuzyk, R.B. Comizzoli, H.E. Katz, M.L. Schilling, W.R. Holland, J.E. Sohn, S.J. Lalama, “Electro-Optic Effects and Second-Harmonic Generation in Corona-Poled Polymer Films”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 1800 (1988).

54. H.E. Katz, C.W. Dirk, K.D. Singer, J.E. Sohn, “Exceptional Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities in Organic Compounds”, Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Inc. Nonlin. Opt. 157, 525 (1988).

55. J.D. LeGrange, K.D. Singer, and M.G. Kuzyk, “Effects of Order on Nonlinear Optical Processes in Organic Molecular Materials”, Mol. Crys. Liq. Cryst. 150b, 567 (1987).

56. K.D. Singer, M.G. Kuzyk, and J.E. Sohn, “Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Processes in Orientationally Ordered Materials: Relationship Between Molecular and Macroscopic Properties”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 4, 968 (1987).

57. H.E Katz, K.D. Singer, J.E. Sohn, C.W. Dirk, L.A. King, “Greatly Enhanced Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities in Donor and Acceptor Organic Molecules”, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 109, 6561 (1987).

58. K.D. Singer, J.E. Sohn, and S.J. Lalama, “Second Harmonic Generation in Poled Polymer Films”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 49, 248 (1986).

59. K.D. Singer, M.S. Merlin, C. H. Grossman and A.F. Garito, “New Pulsed Laser Data-Acquisition System”, Rev. Sci. Instr. 54, 97 (1983).

60. A.F. Garito and K.D. Singer, “Organic Crystals and Polymers--A New Class of Nonlinear Optical Materials”, Laser Focus 80, 59 (1982).

61. K.D. Singer, M.S. Merlin, and A.F. Garito, “Interferometric Refractometer for Measuring the Relative Refractive Index of Two Liquids”, Rev. Sci. Instr. 53, 202 (1982).

62. S.J. Lalama, K.D. Singer, A.F. Garito, and K.N. Desai, “Exceptional Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities of Quinoid Systems”, Appl. Phys. Lett. 39, 940 (1981).

63. K.D. Singer and A.F. Garito, “Measurements of Molecular Second-Order Optical Susceptibilities Using DC-Induced Second Harmonic Generation”, J. Chem. Phys. 75, 3572 (1981).

64. T. Wei, P.S. Kalyanaraman, K.D. Singer, and A.F. Garito, “Low Temperature Specific Heats of Tetrathiafulvalene-Tetracyanoquinodi-methane (TTF-TCNQ) and Its Derivatives”, Phys. Rev. B 20, 5090 (1979).

65. H.T. Fortune, L.R. Medsker, S.C. Headley, and K.D. Singer, “Structure of 24Na from 22Ne(3He,p)24Na”, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Phys. 4, 1463 (1978).

66. K.D. Singer, S.C. Headley, L.R. Medsker, and H.T. Fortune, “0+ and 1+ States in 24Na”, Phys. Rev. C 15, 1662 (1977).

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Book Chapters

1. R.J. Twieg, M. He, L. Sukhomlinova, F. You, W.E. Moerner, M.A. Diaz-Garcia, D. Wright, J.D. Casperson, R. Wortmann, C. Glania, P. Krämer, K. Lukaszuk, R. Matschiner, K.D. Singer, V. Ostroverkhov, R. Petschek, "Design and Optimization of Chromophores for Liquid Crystal and Photorefractive Applications", Proc. MRS 561 (1999).

2. K.D. Singer, S.F. Hubbard, A. Schober, L.M. Hayden, K. Johnson, “Second harmonic Susceptibility Tables and Measurement Techniques”, in Handbook of Electrooptical and Optical Materials: Linear and Nonlinear Properties, M.G. Kuzyk and C.W. Dirk, eds. (Marcel-Dekker, 1998).

3. T.C. Kowalczyk, T.Z. Kosc, K.D. Singer, A.J. Beuhler, D.A. Wargowski, P.A. Cahill, C.H. Seager, and M.B. Meinhardt, ``Crosslinked Polyimides for Integrated Optics", in Polymers for Second-order Nonlinear Optics, G.A. Lindsay and K.D. Singer eds. (ACS Symp. Ser. 601 , 1995) pp. 381-400.

4. M.B. Meinhardt, P.A. Cahill, T.C. Kowalczyk, and K.D. Singer, ``Design and Synthesis of a Noncentrosymmetric Dipyrromethene Dye", in Polymers for Second-order Nonlinear Optics, G.A. Lindsay and K.D. Singer eds. (ACS Symp. Ser. 601 , 1995) pp.120-130.

5. K.D. Singer, ``Orientational Order, Poling, and Relaxation in Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Polymers", in Organic Thin Films for Waveguiding Nonlinear Optics,F. Kajzar and J.D. Swalen, eds. (Gordon and Breach, Amsterdam, 1996.

6. K.D. Singer and J.H. Andrews, ``Quadratic Nonlinear Optics in Poled Polymer Films: From Physics to Devices'' in Molecular Optoelectronics: Materials, Physics, and Devices, J. Zyss, ed. (Academic, Orlando, 1994).

7. K.D. Singer, ``Molecular-Polymeric Materials for Nonlinear Optics'', in Polymers for Lightwave and Integrated Optics: Technology and Applications, L. Hornak, ed. (Marcel-Dekker, 1992).

8. K.D. Singer and J.E. Sohn, ``Organic Materials for Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Devices'', in Electroresponsive Molecular and Polymeric Systems, T. Skotheim, ed. (Marcel-Dekker, 1991).

9. P.A. Cahill and K.D. Singer, ``Chemistry of Anomalous-Dispersion Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation", in Materials for Nonlinear Optics: Chemical Perspectives, S.R. Marder, J.E. Sohn, and G.D. Stucky, eds. (ACS Symp. Ser. 455, 1991).

10. K.D. Singer, S.J. Lalama, J.E. Sohn, and R.D. Small, ``Electro-Optic Organic Materials'', Chapter II-8 in Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals, D.S. Chemla and J. Zyss, eds.(Academic, 1987).

11. J.E. Sohn, K.D. Singer, and M.G. Kuzyk, ``Polymers for Integrated Optics'', in Polymers for High Technology: Electronics and Photonics, M.J. Bowden and S.R. Turner, eds. (ACS Symp. Ser. 346,1987).

12. K.D. Singer, M.G. Kuzyk, and J.E. Sohn, ``Orientationally Ordered Electro-Optic Materials'' in Nonlinear Optical and Electroactive Polymers, P.N. Prasad and D.R. Ulrich, eds. (Plenum, New York, 1987).

13. A.F. Garito, K.D. Singer, and C.C. Teng, ``Molecular Optics: Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic and Polymeric Crystals'' in Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic and Polymeric Materials, D.J. Williams, ed. (ACS Symp. Ser. 233, 1983).

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Books

1. M.G. Kuzyk, K.D. Singer, R.J. Twieg, eds, “Organic and polymeric nonlinear optical materials”, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 15 (1)-(2), 1998.

2. Polymers for Second-order Nonlinear Optics, G.A. Lindsay and K.D. Singer, eds. (ACS Books, Symp. Ser. 601, Washington, D.C., 1995).

3. Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Materials IV, K.D. Singer, ed. (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 1991).

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Proceedings

1. K.D. Singer and O. Ostroverkhova, “Influence of composition on the photoconductive and photorefractive properties of PVK composites,” Proc. SPIE 4462, 163-177 (2001).

2. K.D. Singer, V. Ostroverkhov, O. Ostroverkhova, R.G. Petschek, L. Sukhomlinova, R.J. Twieg, S. Wang, and L.C. Chien, “Optimization of the nonlinear optical response in chiral media,” Proc. SPIE 4279, 25-36 (2001).

3. S.-X. Wang, K.D. Singer, R. Petschek, S. Huang, and L.-C. Chien, “Design and Synthesis of Novel Conjugated Chiral Materials for Nonlinear Optics”, Polymer Preprints 40, 1298 (1999).

4. Kenneth Singer and Jingwen Zhang, "Photorefraction in a Homogeneous Mesogen/Polymer Composite", Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 44, 1429 (1999).

5. Jerome Lando, Toemsak Srikhirin, Donald Schuele, Oksana Ostroverkhova, Kenneth Singer, Philip Taylor, and J. Adin Mann, "Electronic and Optical Properties of Polysiloxanes with Polar Side-Chains", Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 44, 1737 (1999).

6. K.D. Singer and J.H. Andrews, “Contribution of Two-Photon States to the Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity in Squaraine Compounds”, Proc. SPIE 3473, 68 (1998).

7. S.F. Hubbard, R.G. Petschek, K.D. Singer, N. D'Sidocky, C. Hudson, L.C. Chien, C.C. Henderson, and P.A. Cahill, `` `Quadrupoled' Materials for Second-Order Nonlinear Optics", Proc. SPIE, 3147, 41 (1997).

8. K.D. Singer, T.C. Kowalczyk, H. Nguyen, A. Beuhler, and D. Wargowski, ``Cross-Linked Polyimides for Integrated Optics", Proc. SPIE CR68, 399 (1997).

9. K.D. Singer, R.D. Dureiko, D.E. Schuele, ``Chielectric Relaxation in Poled Electro-optic Polymer Films", Proc. SPIE 3147 (1997).

10. K.D. Singer, T.C. Kowalczyk, H. Nguyen, A. Beuhler, and D. Wargowski, ``Cross-Linked Polyimides for Integrated Optics", Proc. SPIE 3006, 326 (1997).

11. J.D.V. Khaydarov, J.H. Andrews, T.C. Kowalczyk, and K.D. Singer, "Soliton-like pulse compression in a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator," Proc. SPIE 2700, 240 (1996).

12. S.F. Hubbard, R.G. Petschek, and K.D. Singer, ``Dispersion and Spectral Content Studies of Nonlinear Light Scattering from Organic Materials", Proceedings of Polymeric Materials Science and Engineering (ACS) 75, 126 (1996)

13. K.D. Singer, T.C. Kowalczyk, and P.A. Cahill, ``Anomalous Dispersion Phase- Matching in Optical Parametric Devices", Proc. SPIE 2527, 49 (1995).

14. K.D. Singer, R. Dureiko, J. Khaydarov, and R. Fuerst, ``Relaxation Phenomena in Poled Electro-Optic Polymers", Proc. Mat. Res. Soc. 328, 499 (1994).

15. T.C. Kowalczyk, K.D. Singer and P.A. Cahill, ``Anomalous Dispersion Enhanced Cerenkov Phase-Matching", Proc. SPIE 2025, 332 (1993).

16. P.A. Cahill, C.H. Seager, M.B. Meinhardt, A.J. Beuhler, T.C. Kowalczyk, T.Z. Kosc, and K.D. Singer, ``Polyimide Based Electro-optic Materials'', Proc. SPIE 2025, 48 (1993).

17. A.J. Beuhler, D.A. Wargowski, T.C. Kowalczyk, and K.D. Singer, ``Optical Polyimides for Single Mode Waveguides" Proc. SPIE 1849, 92 (1993).

18. K.D. Singer, J.H. Andrews, and P.A. Cahill, ``Nonlinear Optical Interactions in Polymer Waveguides'', Proc. SPIE 1853, 221 (1993).

19. K.D. Singer and L.A. King, ``Orientation and Decay in Poled Polymer Nonlinear Optical Materials'', Polymer Preprints32, 98 (1991).American Chemical Society, August, 1991.

20. P.A. Cahill, C.C. Henderson, T.C. Kowalczyk, and K.D. Singer,``Molecular to Material Design for Anomalous Dispersion Phase Matched Second Harmonic Generation'', Proc. SPIE 1560, 130 (1992).

21. K.D. Singer and M.G. Kuzyk, ``Design Considerations for Multi Component Molecular-Polymeric Nonlinear Optical Materials'', Organic Molecules for Nonlinear Optics and Photonics, J. Messier, et al., Eds. (Kluwer, 1991).

22. J.E. Sohn, K.D. Singer, M.G. Kuzyk, W.R. Holland, H.E. Katz, C.W. Dirk, and M.L. Schilling, ``Materials for Nonlinear Optics - Orientationally Ordered Polymer Films'', Soc. Plast. Eng. Tech. Pap. XXXIV,429 (1988).

23. H.E. Katz, C.W. Dirk, M.L. Schilling, J.E. Sohn, and K.D. Singer, ``Optimization of Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Activity in Organic Materials'' in Nonlinear Optical Properties of Polymers, A.J. Heeger, J. Orenstein, and D.R. Ulrich, eds. (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1987).

24. H.E. Katz, C.W. Dirk, K.D. Singer and J.E. Sohn, ``Exceptional Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Susceptibilities of Organic Molecules'', Proc. SPIE 824, 86 (1987).

25. J.E. Sohn, K.D. Singer, M.G. Kuzyk, ``Polymers for Integrated Optics'', Polym. Mat. Sci. Eng., 55, 532 (1986).

26. K.D. Singer, J.E. Sohn, S.J. Lalama, M.G. Kuzyk, and R.D. Small, ``Electro-Optic Polymer Glasses'', Proc. SPIE 704, 240 (1986).

27. R.D. Small, K.D. Singer, J.E. Sohn, M.G. Kuzyk, and S.J. Lalama, ``Thin-film Processing of Polymers for Nonlinear Optics'', Proc. SPIE 682, 160 (1986).

28. S.J. Lalama, J.E. Sohn, and K.D. Singer, ``Organic Materials for Integrated Optics'', Proc. SPIE 578, 168 (1985).

29. K.D. Singer, S.J. Lalama, and J.E. Sohn, ``Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials'', Proc. SPIE 578, 130 (1985).

30. A.F. Garito, K.D. Singer, K. Hayes, G.F. Lipscomb, S.J. Lalama, and K.N. Desai, ``First Single-Crystal Polymers Exhibiting Phase-Matched Second Harmonic Generation'', J. Opt. Soc. Am. 70, 1399 (1980).

31. K. Singer, T. Wei, and A.F. Garito, ``Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements of TSeF-TCNQ and TTF-TCNQ'', Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 22, 395 (1977).

32. T. Wei, K. Singer, and A.F. Garito, ``Low Temperature Specific Heat of TSeF-TCNQ and TTF-TCNQ'', Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 22, 395 (1977).

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